Discrimination and the Voting Rights Act of 1965 Essay Example for Free

Separation and the Voting Rights Act of 1965 Essay The South was racially one-sided for a considerable length of time after the Civil War. The Southern states would make enactment to sanction â€Å"Jim Crow† laws upon the dark network. Isolation was at its top in the United States and the dark network had been persecuted long enough. Fitting in with the isolated South just caused threatening vibe. The administration that perceived blacks as citizenry overlooked them. Actually, the legislature that could shield the dark network from the brutality caused by fear based oppressor bunches was regularly individuals from the gatherings themselves. Disobedience was the main and last choice. All together for the Voting Rights Act of 1965 to be endorsed by Congress, the dark network expected to oppose the â€Å"Jim Crow† laws of the South, the brutality conjured by loathe associations, just as (with help from white understudies) the pietisms of the United States government. Jim Crow turned into a general term utilized in the South to allude to the isolation and segregation laws that influenced African-American life. The name began from â€Å"an 1832 melody called Jump Jim Crow by Thomas Rice† (Hillstrom 9). The melody may have been named after a slave that Rice knew or from the articulation â€Å"black as a crow†. The fundamental reason for Jim Crow laws was to isolate and disappoint the dark network. During the Jim Crow time, â€Å"various states passed laws that prohibited blacks from clinics, schools, parks, theaters, and restaurants† (Hillstrom 9). In all cases, the offices checked coloredâ were recognizably substandard compared to the whites. Numerous urban areas and states would approve their own particular Jim Crow laws. A few laws, for example, blacks going across the road when a white lady, on a similar walkway, was strolling toward them or â€Å"maintaining a different structure, on isolated ground, for the affirmation, care, guidance, and backing of every single visually impaired individual of hued or dark race† (Bell 4) were ridiculous. In the late spring of 1955, a 14-year-old kid was severely beaten and slaughtered for purportedly whistling at a white lady. The spouse and brother by marriage of the lady were accused of homicide however were vindicated of all charges after just an hour of thought. In a meeting months after the fact, with insurance from the Constitutional proviso of twofold danger, the two siblings transparently conceded, without regret, to harming and killing the kid. The snappy pondering and quittance insulted the nation and assisted with stimulating the Civil Rights Movement. The Jim Crow laws were continuously deteriorating for the dark network. Administrators should have been dark, or abolitionists, all together for the laws to change. Resistance by method of the polling station was the appropriate response. In The United States, the just procedure should permit voters an opportunity to address social shameful acts. Residents inside the dark network ought to be able to cast a ballot dark up-and-comers into office. Blacks could choose city gathering individuals, chairmen, judges, and even state delegates. Be that as it may, in Mississippi the individuals in power, every one of whom were white, denied blacks the chance to cast a ballot. The white network accepted that if blacks accomplished the option to cast a ballot, they would make up the lion's share. The dark larger part would drive out the bigot whites from force and change the social shameful acts. Mississippi Senator Eugene Bilbo expressed, â€Å"If you let a couple (blacks) register to cast a ballot this year, one year from now there will be twice the same number of, and the primary thing you know, the entire thing will be out of hand† (Aretha 20). The dark network expected to cast a ballot so as to accomplish change. Without the option to cast a ballot, isolation and the disappointment of African-Americans would stop to change. The southern-white legislators made a confounded framework to shield African-Americans from casting a ballot. â€Å"White nearby and state authorities efficiently shielded blacks from casting a ballot through proper strategies, for example, survey duties and proficiency tests† (Summer 1964). The proficiency test forestalled even instructed African-Americans from accomplishing voter enlistment. The test expected voters to â€Å"read and decipher an area of the state constitution to the â€Å"satisfactory† of the registrar† (Aretha 21). This permitted â€Å"white enlistment centers to choose whether or not an individual passed. Most blacks, even those with doctoral degrees, failed† (Cozzens 1). Dread was a steady strategy for the supremacist south. Dark candidates â€Å"had to give, after swearing to tell the truth, data about their location, business, and relatives. This data would then be given to the candidates boss, the KKK, and other organizations† (Let Freedom Ring 149). Having the valiance to defy society, by enlisting to cast a ballot, made numerous blacks dread reprisal from the KKK and their boss. In the post-Civil War time many white Southerners disdained the progressions forced by the Union. In the years during Reconstruction, psychological oppressor bunches jumped up everywhere throughout the south. The Ku Klux Klan (KKK) and the White Citizens Council, â€Å"the uptown Klan†, which was frequently comprised of sheriffs, specialists, legal advisors, and even civic chairmen, rapidly increase a large number of individuals over the south. The KKK had four express strategies in their war against blacks, â€Å"First was cross consuming, second would be the consuming and dynamiting of houses and structures, third was whipping, and the Fourth was extermination† (Watson 143). In 1964, a solitary Mississippian region had â€Å"37 holy places and 30 dark homes and organizations were firebombed or consumed, and the cases regularly went unsolved† (Summer 1964). Loathe violations were getting progressively normal and incredibly merciless all through the South. The dark network required and looked for change. After numerous long stretches of severity and disdain, numerous blacks accepted they were mediocre compared to whites. To battle the inadequacy thought, Bob Moses made â€Å"Freedom Schools† and public venues open to the dark network. â€Å"The public venues would offer offices restricted by the Jim Crow framework: libraries, expressions and artworks, childcare, and proficiency classes† (Burner 124). Opportunity Schools showed understudies African-American history and recent developments. Moses saw the Freedom Schools â€Å"as a chance to instruct the â€Å"politics of Mississippi† and start to fabricate a center of taught authority in the state† (Burner 124). Individuals from SNCC and CORE accepted that resistance was a need, and revolting with peaceful strategies would permit the country to see the monstrosities delivered in the south. So as to pick up energy, the dark network required help from the central government and the national media. The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) went to the bleeding edge for change. In 1961, seven blacks and six whites tried the government law, which required the integration on interstate travel. Called the Freedom Riders, thirteen individuals â€Å"rode transports into the south, brave the national government to implement the law. The Freedom Riders were captured in North Carolina, beaten by crowds in South Carolina, and saw their transports fire bombarded in Alabama† (Watson 24). The thirteen men rode into the south with whites sitting in the rear of the transport, the blacks in the front, and would utilize indistinguishable offices at transport stations from expressed by government law. James Farmer, one of the thirteen riders and the executive of CORE (Congress of Racial Equality) expressed, â€Å"We felt we could depend on the racists of the South to make an emergency with the goal that the national government would be constrained to implement the law† (Cozzens 1). The disobedience of the thirteen valiant men to ride into the south made the national media consideration the extremist urgently required. The national media began to show the nation how fraudulent the United States had become. Men of numerous races battled for their nation in a period of war, however got back home to a nation that was at war inside itself. In the mid 1960’s, the dark network revolting for equivalent rights started to catch the consideration of Americans the nation over. 1964, a presidential political race year, was a crucial opportunity to revolt for the African-American option to cast a ballot. For ages the south held a prevailing Democratic Party. Defying the shameful acts set by the â€Å"whites-only† Democratic Party must be changed by utilization of the voting booth. Bounce Moses, an individual from SNCC, chose to send volunteers into Mississippi to enroll voters. The voter enlistment drive came to be known as â€Å"Freedom Summer†. Bounce Moses sketched out the objectives of Freedom Summer as to expand dark voter enlistment and to sort out a lawfully established â€Å"Freedom Democratic Party† to rival the whites-just Democratic Party. Moses educated enlisted people, â€Å"Don’t come to Mississippi this late spring to spare the Mississippi Negro. Possibly come on the off chance that you see, truly comprehend, that his opportunity and yours are one† (Aretha 41). To accomplish the consideration of the national media, Moses and different individuals from SNCC chose to enlist white understudies from the north. â€Å"Violence against Northern Whites would at any rate get Mississippi on the daily news† (Rachall 173). Offspring of the prevailing social class, opposing their folks and the acknowledged society of the south, in certainty pulled in national consideration. Moses expressed, â€Å"These understudies carry the remainder of the nation with them. They are from acceptable schools and their folks are compelling. The enthusiasm of the nation is stirred and when that occurs, the administration responds† (Aretha 30). Defying the affectations of their country, their folks, and even society, white undergrads stopped by the hundreds to chip in for â€Å"Freedom Summer†. Volunteers went to Oxford, Ohio, as of now the grounds of Miam

Problems with real estate career during the recession Research Paper

Issues with land vocation during the downturn - Research Paper Example ..11 Works Cited†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.12 Executive Summery Real bequest advertise is among the most powerful market ever. Notwithstanding the way that the market isn't excessively huge, numerous procedures need to run effectively. Numerous monetary issues just as lawful issues that make activity in it not that simple sticky situation this market. Putting resources into land is just beneficial when the monetary holes are high, yet very testing in low financial seasons. Working n land doesn't offers challenges to the financial specialists just, yet in addition to their selling operators. Merchants ordinarily win liberally in top seasons notwithstanding approximately scarcely any difficulties they experience during their showcasing. Be that as it may, in downturn times a great deal of hazard with little fulfillment is the thing that they expe rience in the activity. There are a few difficulties that they meet in their activity, including the way that this part is abundantly overwhelmed among hardly any purchasers at the downturn times. This makes a solid serious condition that demoralizes their flourishing. Showcasing land items present trouble because of the elevated requirement from the dealers from the agents. Regardless of the monetary falls, merchants despite everything hope to bring extraordinary costs for their items that become unachievable by the specialists. Developing patterns in the land, for example, for example, Mortgage Assistance Relief, MID and QRM makes changes in the intermediaries workplace. This powers the intermediaries to acclimate to the running word related changes that regularly are difficult. During financial shortage crediting framework are tremendously decreased that solitary a couple of customers are accessible in the market. The operators henceforth discover no market for their administrati ons in the market. In such cases for the most part procures almost no to help them. As a result of these difficulties, working in this profession is typically hard, and alleviation measures are important to ensure this business segment. A few suggestions incorporating legitimate perspective, advertise assurance, monetary security, expansion, innovative adjustment and cooperation have been proposed for execution to see these gatherings succeed and make the most of their vocation. This proposition was made after a thorough examination and study in the field. Presentation For some years, the lives of realtors have been deplorable, particularly during downturns. Because of this, the intermediaries sent their supplications to the service of work in the late 2007, after the beginning of 2007 and 2009 downturn. This was taken as a proper minutes since studies could uncover circumstances of the land dealers from the beginning to the furthest limit of financial tough situations. The Ministry thus sent a gathering of specialists to contemplate the issue and suggest as proper. This report was introduced to me, a representative and the secretary of the land expedites in the Washington. In addition, the report was postponed before the delegates of realtors, land financial specialists and agents from government strategy producers and organizers. This was done in a two days workshop in Washington. The report was focused on

Ethics Related Information Management System Essay

Morals Related Information Management System - Essay Example It is fundamental to comprehend, oversee and keep up exceptionally different qualities in the school activity to the issues of morals profoundly available and reasonable for all. A lot of contemporary writing concerning data the board morals isn't coordinated toward the genuine advantages of directors and pioneers of the school organization (the individuals who are basically mindful ethic the board in the school network), yet it is a space for all gatherings included the two chiefs and understudies. Absence of essential data isn't the mix-up of the scholastics, social pundits or scholars, (Bynum and Rogerson). This test is the aftereffect of deficient association directors and pioneers in the writing and conversation about school morals. All the pioneers and chiefs school must take part to help address the moral issues. The socialization procedure and nature to which students and the whole school network are uncovered stay basic factors that decide the character building and scholast ic achievement. Each school condition fundamentally adds to the data arrangement of the school and the general molding of the moral estimations of both the understudy and instructors before joining the work showcase. Adequacy of morals and its commitment help in molding the virtues of the school network. Morals manage the people’s moral activities. Primarily school morals apply to instructors, understudies, the educational committee and executives. For each situation, a lead of direct is set up structure inside the school establishment, by means of the expert, association. This code of morals gives moral norms that manage the conduct of the individuals related with and how they should relate with others in the dynamic procedure and working. It likewise helps in the executives of the data arrangement of school. Moral codes layout the results for the gatherings that don't follow the school ethic arrangements concerning the treatment of the school indispensable data, assessments , school records and other important data. The morals are intended to build up an air of genuineness, commendable citizenship and trust corresponding to understudies the morals depend on understudy demonstrating regard for the executives, instructors, guardians, school non-showing staff and different understudies. Furthermore, the morals necessitate that understudies should regard the program of the school, offices and the school data, too. Morals watch about literary theft among the understudies, they are legally necessary to submit for denoting their own one of a kind work and be prepared to confront the outcomes and discipline, for example, removal, suspension or other related authoritative activities on the off chance that they steal their work. Overseers and instructors are morally guided through the institutional and expert, moral codes. The law requests them to build up a learning climate that advances high moral gauges for students through guidance and demonstrating. Likewis e, the directors and educators must give a sheltered learning condition where all understudies have equivalent instructive chances and can achieve achievement. Ethic requests that teachers should show high moral guidelines when passing on some data concerning the school or speaking with the companions, understudies, guardians and other party’

Using a Code of Ethics to Inform Decision Making

Utilizing a Code of Ethics to Inform Decision Making Thinking about a Social Dilemma in Practice: Using a Code of Ethics to Inform Decision Making Substance (Jump to) 1. Presentation 2. Investigation 3. Lessening Defection 4. End 5. References Dynamic Social situations can possibly characterize a whole populace, prompting the need to evaluate and comprehend the suggestions related with patterns. All in all, there are a few unique sorts of social predicament, which impactsly affects the general public. At the end of the day, every one of them includes various types of participation for example tranquilizes, wrongdoing, once speculation, delayed venture, catastrophic events and so on.) This investigation or exposition utilizes the social snare of carbon fuel contamination to show the way and methods for surrender and collaboration that are conceivable so as to make progress. Toward the finish of this examination study, it will be of an incredible huge to any individual exploring sociology and the need to expand on a principal level. 1. Presentation Found in each general public, culture and district, the regular definition for a social dilemmais held to be a case where there is the potential for singular increase at the expense of the bigger gathering (Baqlliet et al., 2013). In another definition as per Komorita and Parks 1995 is that social quandary alludes to a circumstance whereby there is a contentions among people and aggregate intrigue. Undeniably, this condition is made all together for a person to benefit from childishness; in any case, if everybody picks this other option, the whole gathering stands to lose, demonstrating a success or nothing social condition. As indicated by McCarter et al. (2011) who contend that issues start to emerge as such a large number of the objective populace pick the negative alternative inclining toward the feeling of quick fulfillment over the group’s long haul interests. This frameworks a feeling of reserved with respect to the populace, addressing the propensity to put off social encounters and difficulties that frequently take different structures over a wide assortment for fields and teaches. With delineations of social issues including environmental change, natural dangers, horror rate, drugs, despise wrongdoings and air contamination just as human overpopulation, there is a central stage that must be accomplished so as to successfully distinguish and address errant or negative patterns. This examination study tends to the subject of the social quandary of non-renewable energy source utilization. By definition, a non-renewable energy source is essentially a hydro carbon store that is acquired from stays of amassed plants. For instance flammable gas, petroleum and coal. Contended to be a regularly experienced social snare found in the utilization of carbon fills in nature everyday social activities (Chen et al., 2012). A social snare is made when there is a drive to understanding and make prompt compensations rather than standing by to balance the potential negative, leaving a significant part of the characterizing idea of the experience to the person. Carbon contamination and the consuming of petroleum products makes the social predicament by making and in a general sense constructing a foundation around personal conduct standards that have delivered critical prizes around the social orders for the time being, or present and past ages, yet plainly hold a decreasing return when considered in setting with the future and bigger natural picture (Khachatryan et al, 2013). The components of a condition that make social snares are recognized as strengthens that will in general form a more grounded example of conduct in little cases yet, serves to rebuff bigger occurrences. For this situation abandonment is characterized as the unbridled utilization of petroleum derivatives, with the agreeable social position being characterized as a continuous exertion to diminish that exact same utilization of carbon fuel. In a momentary limit, carbon fills and burning motors have changed innovation and the lifestyle for a whole human progress, yet, the utilization of the innovation without limitation has empowered negativeconsequences to emerge. In any case, the general public are increasingly worried in the brief timeframe advantage and benefit of carbon energizes which serves to support the utilization of the carbon powers, yet the drawn out cost as far as negative condition sway, a dangerous atmospheric devation, air quality decay, corrosive downpour and loss of untamed life and common assets gets considerable. Research considers demonstrate that social difficulty uses test plans (Sonderskov 2011). These investigates, likewise recommends a positive and direct bury connection among trust and collaboration. At the end of the day, securing the conditions is a decent proportion of diminishing social difficulty. There are significant contemplations that ought not be overlooked in managing natural issues. For example, quality of ties that are found in social gatherings. So also, analysts from over the globe have given extensive exertion to seeing how to create agreeable conduct among people of various societies. 2. Investigation Social issues cross limits to affect each science and part of study (Sagiv et al., 2011). With this acknowledgment, there are wide scopes of speculations that can possibly apply to this social snare/difficulty of utilizing carbon energizes in everyday exercises. Driving among numerous specialists is the monetary game hypothesis, or anticipated utility hypothesis (McCarter et al., 2011). This methodology contends that any individual is a reasonable entertainer that is exclusively inspired to benefit as much as possible from their own positions, or utility as far as a person’s monetary personal responsibility. In this occurrence, the transient additions of utilizing contaminating innovation are apparently immaterial notwithstanding everyday travel needs (Balleiet et al., 2013). With a persistent type of deserting, there is the feeling of putting off the installment for people in the future, leaving a considerable lot of the populace that looks for an agreeable arrangement with little plan of action. As indicated by the Game hypothesis (auxiliary arrangements), there is considerably more likely for socially non-agreeable result, just because of the usability and social acknowledgment, notwithstanding the archived negative occasions identified with the assortment and utilization of these assets. Besides, numerous social problems bring out and triggers struggle among virtues, settling on the right decision less clear to decode (Banks, 2006).Banks has inferred how dynamic about another’s government assistance can much of the time include issues which are both individual and excruciating, along these lines decisions should be made which are moral and advance human government assistance (Banks, 2012). In information on this, it is crucialto have legitimate avocation for activities and in-actions.A second significant hypothesis of Utilitarianism has been created by Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832): ‘Utilitarianism fuses how activities have results, which should adjust points of interest and hindrances, generally inside a specific course of action,’ (Parrott 2010, p. 54). When placing this head vigorously it is satisfactory for one individual to endure, if this means a more prominent number of individuals being glad. Two existing standards relate to the hypothesis of utilitarianism, and these arejustice and utility. Understanding the guideline of equity can be caught in regard for uniformity and reasonableness, everyone’s joy ought to be considered with a similar weight. Utility as a chief construes the best useful for everybody. Nonetheless, both of these principlescan conflict if the minority of individuals are troubled. Beauchamp and Childress (2001) have delineated the essential ofjustice: which represents circulation of reasonable advantages, dangers and costs; this exemplifies the thought that comparative cases ought to be dealt with similarly.In a clinical job it is viewed as being inside the activity job to successfully ‘assess the entire circumstance, while workingfor results while considering everyone’s best interests’ (Banks2012). However, every person in the general public has the alternative to deviate, and consequently imperfection from the exertion, debilitating the final products. An option complimentary methodology is Virtue morals and the hypothesis of this chief examines singular character. A people ‘virtue ethics’ are believed to be guided and created through their own convictions, and this procedure is said to decide generally character. As a methodology Virtue morals are done ‘according to which the essential decisions in morals are decisions about character’ (Statman, 1997, p. 7).This contention demonstrates that an individual could be co-employable by engaging their better nature, as opposed to relying upon the fulfillment of their quick wants. It is perceived that issues of a moral nature will frequently be implanted in moral duty or connections. Connecting the battle for a long haul, naturally offset and sound society with the need to give a superior future to the following ages, there is proof that generous advancement can be put forth for the co-usable attempts (McCarter et al., 2011). The helpful exertion will go far to m ake advancement and work for the group of people yet to come. In any case, individuals will start to see the upside of being helpful inside the general public. Individuals with egotistical intrigue will have a reconsider of there activities. A further zone of sociology that applies to this case is alluded to as Radical regularly perceived as ‘critical’ or ‘activist’ work (McCarter et al., 2011). Inside this extreme position the perspective adopted is of a transformational strategy, where concerns are set on the change of society as this will profit the individuals who are generally mistreated, or those enduring in unfavorable ecological conditions, in contrast with concentrating on the individual benefit, or everyday buyers (Hill, 2010). What's more, McIntyre (1982) as refered to in Payne (2004) decided radical methodologies and reactions being that; customarily,

Gandhi a great leader essays

Gandhi an incredible pioneer articles Not many men have ever had as quite a bit of an impact on our reality as Mohandas Gandhi (1869-1948), however he utilized the message of harmony and love, instead of war and pulverization. Once a noticeable legal advisor in South Africa, Gandhi quit any pretense of providing legal counsel and came back to India so as to help facilitate the enduring of the subdued individuals of his country. Gandhi's adoration for individuals and his strict enthusiasm made him a progressive in a significant number of his thoughts and activities. He wanted to see India liberated from British principle in a bloodless insurgency, like the Sublime Revolution of Seventeenth Century England. Realizing that savagery just brings forth viciousness, he started the rehearsing of inactive opposition, or as he called it, Satyagraha which signifies clutching truth. In his acclaimed Salt March of 1930, Gandhi and a huge number of others walked to a coast where salt lay on the sea shores to fight the British Governments' denial against the Indians making their own salt. Despite the fact that many were beaten, captured and executed, nobody retaliated. Through an incredible span he drove three significant campaigns, energized support for peaceful strikes, asked Indians to blacklist anything British, and advocated ladies' privileges. Gandhi exemplified numerous qualities of an incredible pioneer. His affection for the individuals of India was endless; he didn't need anything more than to serve and help them. Continually placing others above himself, he looked to make himself even lower than the most minimal individual from the Hindu standing framework. He even lowered himself to the point of clearing up fecal matter deserted by others, planning to encourage that ailment was spread in rottenness. One of his most excellent characteristics was that he showed others how its done and never lectured what he was not ready to do himself. An ongoing idea among Gandhi and numerous other extraordinary pioneers was that regardless of what he did, he did it as well as could be expected. He once stated: Regardless of how immaterial the thing you need to do, do ... <!

Perspective COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Perspective COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog I like to do my best to keep people informed about what we are doing because I think it adds perspective and context.   I am a pretty transparent person and do not want the admissions process to seem like some kind of mystery or cloak and dagger operation. A common topic that I want to continue to elaborate on is document tracking and file processing.   When I came into the office this morning I ran some reports and can share the following information. In the 24 hours leading up to the deadline . . . Over 1,200 people submitted applications through our online system Close to 900 recommendations were submitted in our online system Several hundred emails were sent to our admission email box, many with attachments As mush as we would like to be a paperless office, we have not gotten there yet.   When documents are submitted to our system we have to print them.   A high speed printer is sitting next to my office and it has been singing its printing song all morning and will continue to do so for likely an entire week. Each application is a different length, but I guesstimate that we will be printing over 25,000 pages in the next week or so.   We do use a duplex printer in an effort to try and spare trees.   I am native of Oregon so I have much respect for forests. In an effort to process applications as soon as possible we do set up a sort of assembly line.   In a nodd to Henry Ford, the assembly line mentality helps us to get through the process more quickly than if we just worked on trying to complete one application at a time. So whats the point?   Well, a few things . . . First, you can see that with the volume of paper we are dealing with it is going to take a bit of time because we manually check each application to make sure everything is legible and complete.   This is why we ask for your patience in regard to marking your file as complete on the application site.   As stated in previous entries, it can take 10-15 business days after the deadline for us to get through this process, sometimes longer depending on individual circumstances.   Rest assured that we will work with applicants if anything appears to be out of order. Second, if you do really need to contact us about something you feel is unique about your circumstance, email is the best way.   The address is sipa_admission@columbia.edu.   If it does deal with the receipt of a singular document in our office, we may be able to help immediately, but we might also ask for your patience as the assembly line continues to complete files. In regard to this second point, I thought about a Visa card commercial I remembered seeing on T.V. Due to the power of the Internet, I found it in about one minute.   Some clever ad agency came up with a visual of the assembly line concept and how it functions in the most efficient manner. Enjoy and thanks again for your patience and understanding.

Relations Between Town and Country We in the Context of Russian Modernist History and Literature - Literature Essay Samples

Evgeny Zamyatin was born and raised in Lebedyan, a small village located in the Russian countryside, before moving to St. Petersburg, the then Russian capital, in order to study engineering (Charnaya, date unknown). Therefore, Zamyatin had firsthand experience on the similarities and differences between rural and urban life long before writing â€Å"We† (1921) Indeed, the divide between the mentalities of rural and urban inhabitants was a very pertinent topic to Soviet authors who were at the time witnessing their country’s intense industrialization; Evgeny Zamyatin’s treatment of the town vs. country divide is prominent in â€Å"We† (1921), especially through his use of different colors and D-503’s description of â€Å"The Ancients† in different passages. Noteworthy in its own right, the depiction of these contrasting areas also reveals affinities between Zamyatins work and the texts of his modernist peers. In the first place, D-503’s resentment towards the outside world is described very early in the novel. For instance, at the very beginning of record 2 (p. 6), D-503 notes that the yellow pollen coming â€Å"from beyond the Green Wall, from the wild invisible plains [†¦] somewhat hinders logical thinking†. Hence, the outside world is uncivilized and contains elements (i.e. pollen) that can undermine D-503’s logical thinking, hereby hurting his usefulness to the United State. In a transparent city, Zamyatin’s use of the color green can be associated with nature, national significance, and the unknown, since this malleable form of protection from the barbarian outside world is what gives meaning to the citizens of the United State, as stated by D-503: â€Å"I cannot imagine to myself a city that is not enveloped by a Green Wall† (p.11). Green, in this instance, gives D-503 and the other â€Å"numbers† a sense of identity, since it explicitl y tells them where their world ends, and consequently what they are not and it furthermore reinforces their â€Å"us vs. them† mentality. D-503 more explicitly adheres to the â€Å"us vs. them† mentality while describing the Green Wall later in the novel, when he asserts that: â€Å"Man eased to be a wild animal only when he built the first wall† (p.57). The Green Wall thus acts as a very meaningful national symbol to D-503, as it gives him pride and significance as a â€Å"number†. Moreover, I concur with my classmate Laurel Stewart’s analysis on the â€Å"close reading† discussion board, D-503’s mention of a â€Å"green ocean beyond the wall† (p.57) when he is in fact describing trees suggests that the novel’s narrator ignores basic concepts such as a forest and mistakenly uses the term â€Å"ocean† instead. Thus the author’s use of the color green can be associated with the concepts of nature, national s ignificance, and the unknown. Likewise, yellow is also a significant color used throughout the novel and is more precisely associated with irrationality than green. Green can be indirectly linked to the concept of irrationality whereas Zamyatin directly links yellow to this concept. Indeed, in the short citation provided at the beginning of this paragraph, D-503 hints at the fact that the color yellow is not homegrown in the United State. It hails from the irrational outside world, and hence is not scientific and even hinders logical thinking (p.11). Also, D-503 associates yellow with the fangs of the animals inhabiting the â€Å"other side of the wall†, calling them beasts (p.117). Another instance of which can be found on page 57, when D-503 describes an encounter with a creature living on the other side of the wall: â€Å"through the glass, looking at me [†¦] some kind of beast, yellow eyes, stubbornly repeating one and the same thought comprehended by me† Once more, D-503 shows contempt in regards to who or what is living outside the limits of the United State and links yellow with barbarity and otherness reinforced by his incapacity to understand what the creature is telling him. To summarize, Zamyatin depicts the concept of country as uncivilized and irrational through his use of the colors yellow and green. In addition, Zamyatin also uses colors to characterize the United State which in this analysis serves as the city in the â€Å"city vs. country† debate. At the beginning of Record 2, D-503 is amazed by the blue sky and says that â€Å"on such days you can see into the bluest depths of things, you see certain of their amazing equations† (p.6). Hence, blue here is presented as a color that contributes to D-503’s rational, mathematical thinking. Granted, such a sky most probably does not exclusively pertain to the United State, but it is easily understandable as to why D-503 would so appreciate such a sky. The pro tagonist of â€Å"We† (1922) hates surprises, and there is nothing more reassuring than a completely blue sky. It is as predictable as the machines that D-503 so cherishes. Furthermore, is it worth noting how the completely rational to completely irrational colors figure on the color spectrum since Zamyatin depicts the color blue as being the color of the rational city, and the Green Wall then divides and protects the city from the yellow beasts inhabiting the country (or the outside world). This exactly matches the color spectrum since blue added to yellow equals green. Additionally, the other color that can be linked to the city, and thus with the concept of rationality is the absence of color. D-503 describes the absence of color in very positive terms: â€Å"I perceived everything. The absolute straight streets, the glass pavements shimmering with rays of light, the divine parellelipeds of transparent dwellings† (p. 8). From this short excerpt, the reader understan ds that D-503 holds the absence of color in a high regard for the same reasons as for why he appreciates a pristine blue sky. It denotes predictability because in creating an entire state without walls, the Benefactor deprived the â€Å"numbers† from their privacy and they cannot keep secrets from one another. To summarize, Zamyatin links the color blue and the absence of color (or transparent) to the concept of a rational industrialized city that heavily contrasts with the surrounding uncivilized country. Furthermore, Zamyatin’s speaks directly about this essay’s main topic when describing the Great Two Hundred Years’ War â€Å"the war between city and village† (p.16). Evidently, the city won over the village, since D-503 had previously rhetorically asked: â€Å"does it not then follow from this that the most sedentary form of life (ours – is at the same time the most perfect (ours) † (p.10). Again, positive attributes are associated to cities whereas villages are perceived as old and outdated. Furthermore, Zamyatin tests the reader’s philosophical knowledge by favoring John Stuart Mill and Jeremy Bentham’s utilitarianism over Immanuel Kant’s ethics on page 12. Indeed, when D-503 condescendingly discusses the Ancients’ surplus of freedom, he mockingly names Immanuel Kant and seems to favor consequentialism over the Ancient’s concept of right or wrong: â€Å"to murder a single person, i.e., to decrease the su m of human lives by 50 years – that was criminal, but to decrease the sum of human lives by 50 million years – that was not criminal† (p.12). Here, D-503 is appalled by the fact that the Ancients had so much freedom even if it was hurting their collective quality of life. To him, obligations and regulations are positive aspects that he links to the successful city of one state. The fact that we prefer Kanthian ethics is laughable to D-503, since he favors Bentam’s consequentialism of putting the collective good ahead of what is right or wrong to humanity. For example, Kant would disagree with removing individual freedoms for the greater good, whereas Jeremy Bentham would wait and see how positive or negative the consequences of such a decision are before judging of its morality (Haines, Date Unknown) TZamyatin links the Ancients with the concept of a village and Kanthian ethics whereas the numbers are linked with the city and utilitarianism. The Ancientsâ €™ way of life was, according to D-503, primitive and philosophically incomprehensible. Zamyatin’s representation of the city vs. the village divide is on par with the works of other Russian modernists. However, it is highly different from important pre-Soviet poems, since cities in pre-Soviet Russia were far from peaceful and rational. For example Alexander Blok (1918) depicted then Russian capital Petrograd as a lawless city under anarchy in his famous poem â€Å"The Twelve†. Indeed, the poem’s protagonists promise to â€Å"fan the world to fire, fan the world afire with blood† (Blok, 1918. P.379) thus describing the reigning anarchy in the revolutionary Russian capital. Vladimir Mayakovski did the same in his most famous work â€Å"Cloud in Pants† (1915), when he wrote that â€Å"The Krupps and little Krupps grease-paint the city with creases of menacing brows† (p.436). This image used by Mayakovski referencing to rich Germans (The Krupps) who sold weapons to both sides during the First World War showcase the extreme level of violence reigning in the city. We can thus note that both the works were written in the Pre-Soviet period and show the chaotic atmosphere in the cities of the Russian Empire in the early 20th Century, which greatly differs from Zamyatin’s United State represented in â€Å"We†. Works Cited Aleksandr Blok, â€Å"The Twelve† 375-85 in Russian Literature of the Twenties: An Anthology, ed. Carl Proffer and others. Ann Arbor, MI: Ardis, 1987. (Originally published in 1918)  · Evgenii Zamiatin, â€Å"We† 2-139 in Russian Literature of the Twenties: An Anthology, ed.Carl Proffer and others. Ann Arbor, MI: Ardis, 1987. (originally published in 1921)  · Laurel Stewart, â€Å"We – Yevgeny Zamyatin. Page 57 passage analysis† posted in â€Å"Passage Analysis† on October 14th 2016.  · Maria Charnaya. Prominent Russians: Evgeny Zamyatin. Russiapedia. Date Unknown. Accessed December 10, 2016. http://russiapedia.rt.com/prominent-russians/literature/evgeny-zamyatin/.  · Vladimir Mayakovski, â€Å"Cloud in Pants,† 430-450 in Russian literature of the Twenties: An Anthology, ed. Carl Proffer and others. Ann Arbor, MI: Ardis, 1987. (Originally published in 1915).  · William Haines, Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Date Unknown.Accessed December 10, 2016. http://www.iep.utm.edu/conseque/.